Karlovy Vary, also known as Karlsbad, is a charming spa city in the Czech Republic with around 49,000 residents. Founded by Charles IV, it's famous for its hot springs and picturesque setting at the confluence of the Ohře and Teplá rivers. The city boasts a well-preserved historic center and is the largest spa complex in Europe. In 2021, it became part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site "Great Spa Towns of Europe" due to its stunning architecture from the 18th to 20th centuries.