Matsumoto Castle is one of Japan's premier historic castles, known for its black exterior and National Treasure of Japan designation. The castle's origins date back to the Sengoku period where it was originally called Fukashi Castle. It is a flatland castle and its complete defences would have included an extensive system of inter-connecting walls, moats, and gatehouses. Preservation efforts by locals led to the original structure's survival, while the outer grounds of Matsumoto Castle were sold off at auction for redevelopment. Even when faced with events such as political controversy and natural disasters, Matsumoto Castle has been an icon of strength and beauty in Nagano Prefecture, Japan.