Teatro Romano de Lisboa ("Lisbon's Roman Theater") is one of the most tangible evidences of the Roman presence in the Iberan peninsula and contemporary Portugal. Is is located in the historic center, in the neighborhood of Alfama, very close to Igreja de Santo António ("Saint Anthony church"), Sé de Lisboa ("Lisbon Cathedral"), Miradouro de Santa Luzia ("Saint Luzia viewpoint"), Miradouro das Portas do Sol ("Portas do Sol viewpoint") and Castelo de São Jorge ("Saint George's Castle").

The Teatro Romano de Lisboa archaeological site dates back to when the city was called "Felicitas Iulia Olisipo", in the 1st century AD, in the times of Emperor Augustus. It used to fit four thousand spectators, fitting the rich, the poor, citizens as well as slaves. In this context, people living in Lisbon were attributed the Roman citizenship.